Carbon Equivalent (CE) Calculator

Assess weld cracking risk from steel chemical composition. Three industry-standard formulas — CE(IIW), Pcm, and CET — with interactive risk gauge and automatic formula recommendation.

CE(IIW) = C + Mn/6 + (Cr+Mo+V)/5 + (Ni+Cu)/15 IIW • C > 0.12% carbon & low-alloy steels
Pcm = C + Si/30 + Mn/20 + Cu/20 + Ni/60 + Cr/20 + Mo/15 + V/10 + 5B Ito-Bessyo • C ≤ 0.12% low-carbon & pipeline steels
CET = C + (Mn+Mo)/10 + (Cr+Cu)/20 + Ni/40 ThyssenKrupp
Input Parameters Composition (wt%)
Preset:
C 0.01 – 0.80
%
Mn 0 – 2.00
%
Si 0 – 1.50
%
Cr 0 – 3.00
%
Ni 0 – 4.00
%
Mo 0 – 1.50
%
Cu 0 – 1.00
%
V 0 – 0.50
%
B 0 – 0.005
%
Calculation Results
CE (IIW)
0.500
wt%
Pcm (Ito-Bessyo)
0.340
wt%
CET (ThyssenKrupp)
0.380
wt%
Weld Cracking Risk (CE(IIW) based)
0.0 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.8 1.0+
Fair — Some precautions needed
Moderate precautions. Preheat 100–200°C recommended.
Recommended: CE(IIW) (C = 0.20% > 0.12%)
Calculate DI from this Composition →
References: CE(IIW): IIW Recommendation Doc. IX-536-67 · Pcm: Ito Y., Bessyo K. (1968) · CET: ThyssenKrupp Stahl AG
Risk thresholds based on AWS D1.1 and EN 1011-2. CE(IIW) not suitable for boron-containing steels; use Pcm instead.